In 2015, with the absence of Stephen Harper, Merkel became the only leader to have attended every G20 meeting since the first in 2008, having been present at a record fifteen summits as of 2021. This happened at a time of fierce emotional debate in Germany over a book by the former Deutsche Bundesbank executive and finance senator of Berlin Thilo Sarrazin, which was critical of the Muslim immigration. "A Third Term for a Popular Chancellor: An Analysis of Voting Behaviour in the 2013 German Federal Election. 1811 Orders prepared. "[119] Under Seehofer's plan, Germany would reject migrants who have already been deported or have an entry ban and would instruct police to turn away all migrants who have registered elsewhere in the EU, no matter if these countries agreed to take them back. As one of Kohl's protges and his youngest Cabinet Minister, she was frequently referred to by Kohl as mein Mdchen ("my girl"). ID 8212. Following a party funding scandal that compromised many leading figures of the CDU including Kohl himself and his successor as CDU Leader, Wolfgang Schuble Merkel criticised her former mentor publicly and advocated a fresh start for the party without him.[52]. [61], On 30 May 2005, Merkel won the CDU/CSU nomination as challenger to Chancellor Gerhard Schrder of the SPD in the 2005 national elections. In December 2015, Merkel was named as Time magazine's Person of the Year, with the magazine's cover declaring her to be the "Chancellor of the Free World". [citation needed] A policy Seehofer announced is that he has a "master plan for faster asylum procedures, and more consistent deportations. [159] The international financial press has widely commented on her thesis, with The Economist saying: If Mrs Merkel's vision is pragmatic, so too is her plan for implementing it. Angela Merkel Phd Dissertation 2017 - We Make It Better. According to Merkel, the discussions were difficult and marred by dissent. Angela Merkel Phd Thesis Title. [144][142], On 25 September 2007, Merkel met the 14th Dalai Lama for "private and informal talks" in the Chancellery in Berlin amid protest from China. The family moved to Templin and Merkel grew up in the countryside 90km (56mi) north of East Berlin. [306][307][308], On the British sketch-comedy Tracey Ullman's Show, comedian Tracey Ullman has parodied Merkel to international acclaim with German media dubbing her impersonation as the best spoof of Merkel in the world. [67] On 18 September 2005, Merkel's CDU/CSU and Schrder's SPD went head-to-head in the national elections, with the CDU/CSU winning 35.2% (CDU 27.8%/CSU 7.5%)[citation needed] of the second votes to the SPD's 34.2%. According to her personal statements, Sarrazin's approach is "totally unacceptable" and counterproductive to the ongoing problems of integration. [177] She was named as Harvard University's commencement speaker in 2019; Harvard University President Larry Bacow described her as "one of the most widely admired and broadly influential statespeople of our time". "Domestic Constraints, German Foreign Policy and Post-Conflict Peacebuilding. Minister for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety, Vorpommern-Rgen Vorpommern-Greifswald I, first (and only) multi-party election in 1990, Minister for the Environment and Nuclear Safety, accession of Turkey to the European Union, Foreign policy of the Angela Merkel government, List of international trips made by Angela Merkel, Germany's 10 victory against Argentina in the 2014 World Cup Final, Evangelical Church in Berlin, Brandenburg and Silesian Upper Lusatia, Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany, Order of Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria, Jawaharlal Nehru Award for International Understanding, Order of Merit of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, The decisions of Chancellor Angela Merkel in 2015 on migration policies, hundreds of thousands of migrants from the Middle East, Government continues as acting government, "Time Person of the Year 2015: Angela Merkel", "Merkel: From austerity queen to 'leader of free world', "The leader of the free world meets Donald Trump", "Hillary Clinton appears to mock Donald Trump in her tribute to Angela Merkel", "The Secret to Germany's COVID-19 Success: Angela Merkel Is a Scientist", "German Chancellor Angela Merkel makes a hat-trick win in 2013 Elections", "Angela Merkel faces multiple challenges in her fourth term", "Angela Merkel faces outright rebellion within her own party over refugee crisis", "Merkels Vater gestorben Termine abgesagt", "Picturing the Family: Media, Narrative, Memory | Research", "Six things you didn't know about Angela Merkel", "Ahnenforschung: Kanzlerin Angela Merkel ist zu einem Viertel Polin", "Angela Merkel: Forged in the Old Communist East, Germany's Chancellor-in-Waiting Is Not like the Others", "Who's Afraid of Angela Merkel? If we start going back through the centuries and arguing over which bit of territory should belong to whom, then we will only have war. Germany's Education Minister resigns after claims that she plagiarised parts of her doctoral thesis 30 years ago These developments prompted debates over the reasons for increased right-wing populism in Germany. In the German federal election of 1990, the first to be held following reunification, Merkel successfully stood for election to the Bundestag in the parliamentary constituency of Stralsund Nordvorpommern Rgen in north Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. [20] She served as the senior G7 leader from 2011 to 2012 and again from 2014 to 2021. [70] Merkel was elected Chancellor by the majority of delegates (397 to 217) in the newly assembled Bundestag on 22 November 2005, but 51 members of the governing coalition voted against her. [114] The November 2015 Paris attacks prompted a reevaluation of German officials' stance on the EU's policy toward migrants. ", "Hillary is America's Merkel, but not in the way Trump thinks", "Merkel honours Mohammad cartoonist at press award", "The Sarrazin Debate: Germany Is Becoming Islamophobic", "Merkel defends 'Muhammad' cartoonist, condemns Koran-burning", "Merkel honours Danish Muhammad cartoonist Westergaard", "Award for Danish Muhammad Cartoonist: Merkel Defends Press Freedom, Condemns Koran-Burning", "Ehrung des Mohammed-Karikaturisten: Angela Merkels Risiko", "Sprachkritik: "Alternativlos" ist das Unwort des Jahres", "German Chancellor Merkel Defends Work of Intelligence Agencies", "Germany's Merkel rejects NSA-Stasi comparison", "Angela Merkel refers to internet as 'virgin territory', "Merkel beim Besuch von Obama: Das Netz lacht ber Merkels "Internet-Neuland", "Merkel compared NSA to Stasi in heated encounter with Obama", "Sensible talks urged by Merkel to restore trust with US", "Gehrt der Islam zu Deutschland? [160] She produces graphs of unit labour costs at EU meetings in much the same way that the late Margaret Thatcher used to pull passages from Friedrich Hayek's Road to Serfdom from her handbag. She was able to speak informally to Vladimir Putin in Russian, but conducted diplomatic dialogue through an interpreter. [117], The migrant crisis spurred right-wing electoral preferences across Germany with the Alternative for Germany (AfD) gaining 12% of the vote in the 2017 German federal election. [87][88] The collapse of these talks led to stalemate. [55] He went on to squander a large lead in opinion polls to lose the election by a razor-thin margin in an election campaign that was dominated by the Iraq War. ", Mushaben, Joyce Marie. The marriage ended in divorce in 1982. [288][289][290] The Asia Times reported that "Unlike certain of her European counterparts, her China diplomacy has focused on non-interference in Beijing's internal affairs. Untersuchung des Mechanismus von Zerfallsreaktionen mit einfachem Bindungsbruch und Berechnung ihrer Geschwindigkeitskonstanten auf der Grundlage quantenchemischer und statistischer Methoden - Wikipedia [161][b], Merkel was widely described as the de facto leader of the European Union throughout her tenure as Chancellor. [79] However, she scored well on her handling of the recent euro crisis (69% rated her performance as good rather than poor), and her approval rating reached an all-time high of 77% in February 2012 and again in July 2014. In addition to being the first female German chancellor, the first to have grown up in the former East Germany (though she was born in the West),[265] and the youngest German chancellor since the Second World War, Merkel is also the first born after World War II, and the first chancellor of the Federal Republic with a background in natural sciences. As the protge of Chancellor Helmut Kohl, Merkel was appointed as Minister for Women and Youth in 1991, later becoming Minister for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety in 1994. Stoiber voted for Merkel. According to her former colleagues, she openly propagated Marxism as the secretary for "Agitation and Propaganda". "Get the party started: The social policy of the grand coalition 20132017. [296]Her chancellorship has become tightly associated with the policy of Wandel durch Handel, pursuing close economic ties with authoritarian leaders. "Merely a referendum on Chancellor Merkel? [73], Her party was re-elected in 2009 with an increased number of seats, and could form a governing coalition with the FDP. [297][298][299] Critics argued that under her tenure, Germany and Europe was weakened by a dependency on Russian natural gas, including the Nord Stream 1 and Nord Stream 2 pipelines,[297][298] and that the German military was neglected by underfunding. [277][278] During a visit of U.S. President Barack Obama in Berlin, Merkel said on 19 June 2013 in the context of the 2013 mass surveillance disclosures: "The Internet is uncharted territory for us all" (German: Das Internet ist fr uns alle Neuland). About Writer Angela Merkel Phd Thesis Title Psychology Category [26][27][28][29] Merkel's maternal grandparents were the Danzig politician Willi Jentzsch, and Gertrud Alma (ne Drange), a daughter of the city clerk of Elbing (now Elblg, Poland) Emil Drange. In October 2018, Merkel announced that she would stand down as Leader of the CDU at the party convention, and would not seek a fifth term as chancellor in the 2021 federal election. ", Among others, in her speech on the occasion of her honorary doctoral degree at the. Merkel played a crucial role in managing the global financial crisis of 20072008 and the European debt crisis. Merkel had impressed de Maizire with her adept dealing with journalists investigating Schnur's role in the Stasi. [193], In 1977, at the age of 23, Merkel, then Angela Kasner, married physics student Ulrich Merkel (born 1953)[194] and took his surname. [96], On 26 September 2021, elections proved inconclusive, although the SPD won the most votes. Aston University. nat.) Since 2017 Merkel has been seen and filmed to shake visibly on several public occasions, recovering shortly afterwards. [90], A YouGov survey published in late December 2017 found that just 36 percent of all respondents wanted Merkel to stay at the helm until 2021, while half of those surveyed voters called for a change at the top before the end of the legislature. The coalition deal was approved by both parties at party conferences on 14 November 2005. In June 2008, she was awarded an honorary doctorate from Leipzig University. The current events remind us that peace and freedom can never be taken for granted. [18][76], The CDU/CSU turned to the SPD to form the third grand coalition in postwar German history and the second under Merkel's leadership. With backing of the local leadership of the SED party, the project was allowed to proceed. She signed the agreement for the Transatlantic Economic Council on 30 April 2007 at the White House. As early as February 2001 her rival Friedrich Merz had made clear he intended to become Chancellor Gerhard Schrder's main challenger in the 2002 election. On 23 November 2021, a new coalition was announced, with Olaf Scholz nominated to succeed Merkel. His thesis - Constitution and Constitutional Treaty: Constitutional Developments in the US and EU - was completed in 2006 and published in 2009. "[15][179], On 29 October 2018, Merkel announced that she would not seek reelection as leader of CDU at their party conference in December 2018, but intended to remain as chancellor until the 2021 German federal election was held. On 6 April 2020, Merkel stated: "In my view the European Union is facing the biggest test since its foundation and member states must show greater solidarity so that the bloc can emerge stronger from the economic crisis unleashed by the pandemic". [152], In June 2018, Merkel said that there had been "no moral or political justification" for the post-war expulsion of ethnic Germans from Central and Eastern European countries. [109], Horst Seehofer, leader of the Christian Social Union in Bavaria (CSU)the sister party of Merkel's Christian Democratic Unionand then-Bavarian Minister President, attacked Merkel's policies. [71], Reports at the time indicated that the grand coalition would pursue a mix of policies, some of which differed from Merkel's political platform as leader of the opposition and candidate for Chancellor. "[147], In July 2019, the UN ambassadors from 22 nations, including Germany, signed a joint letter to the UNHRC condemning China's mistreatment of the Uyghurs as well as its mistreatment of other minority groups, urging the Chinese government to close the Xinjiang re-education camps. The issues are in conflict between the CSU who favoured those new measures and threatened to leave the coalition without them, and the SPD who opposes them; Merkel agreed to the measures. She argued that existing laws made the country less competitive, because companies could not easily control labour costs when business is slow. [190], On 1 June 2022 Merkel made her first semi-public comments about political affairs since leaving office, at a retirement party for Reiner Hoffmann[de], the president of the German Trade Union Confederation (DGB). This statement led to various internet memes and online mockery of Merkel. In January 2019, Merkel received the 2018 Fulbright Prize for International Understanding from the, Crossley-Frolick, Katy A. Angela Merkel, the German . [209] After three occasions where this happened in June 2019, she began to sit down during the performances of the national anthems during the State visits of Mette Frederiksen and Maia Sandu the following month. [93][94], In October 2018, Merkel announced that she had decided not to run for re-election in the 2021 federal election. [195] Her second and current husband is quantum chemist and professor Joachim Sauer, who has largely remained out of the media spotlight. Political commentators have debated the precise extent to which their agendas are similar. Us and EU - was completed in 2006 and published in 2009 although the SPD won most! 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