Trunk is nearly 30 cm long with drooping branches and bark is light gray, corky and deeply furrowed and the wood are soft and white. The nattokinase enzyme is natto is used to regulate high blood pressure by bringing it down. Indian snakeroot contains a chemical, called tyrosine, that affects the body. Results showed the combined extract exhibited immunomodulatory activity through modulation of B lymphocyte functions as evidenced by stimulation of circulating antibody response and increased serum antibody titers. There is some concern that taking them together might increase the risk for confusion, blurred vision, decreased sweating, and increased heart rate. J Clin Psychopharmacol. Antidiarrhoeal activity of leaf methanolic extract of Rauwolfia serpentina. Results suggest supplementation with the leaf suspension reversed the cigarette smoke induced oxidative damage in rats through its antioxidant potential. LEAF EXTRACT, Hadga (Sesbania Grandiflora Linn.) - Young pods are eaten like string beans. Seeds are beanlike, elliptical, red brown, 6-8 in a pod, 3.5 mm, and each weighting 1 g. Leaves of the Sesbania grandiflora plant can be consumed in a number of ways. Chest 1989;96(6):1424. Sesbania grandiflora is a small, erect, quick-growing, open-branched, unarmed, perennial tree growing up to 15 m tall and 25-30 cm in diameter. Taking Indian snakeroot along with diabetes medications might cause blood sugar to drop too low. View abstract. In patients taking Latuda, the most common side effects reported are: Nausea Akathisia (an irresistible urge to move) Extrapyramidal symptoms (tremor, shaking, involuntary movements, drooling) - Decoction of bark used as vomitive. Never delay or disregard seeking professional medical advice from your doctor or other qualified health care provider because of something you have read on WebMD. Acta Derm Venereol 1980;60:85-7. Katuray flowers and leaves are loaded with a myriad of vitamins together with protein, minerals, and nutritional vitamins. Ezeigbo II, Ezeja MI, Madubuike KG, Ifenkwe DC, Ukweni IA, Udeh NE, Akomas SC. MIC values were 50 g/mL for compound 1-3, 100 g/mL for compound 4. Pathania S, Randhawa V, Bagler G. Prospecting for novel plant-derived molecules of Rauvolfia serpentina as inhibitors of Aldose Reductase, a potent drug target for diabetes and its complications. J Urol. Muscle (or joint) pain. Various parts of this plant are used in Indian traditional medicine for the treatment of a broad spectrum of illness like rheumatism, leprosy, gout and liver disorders. pinpoint red spots on the skin. Sesbania is among the best alternative to obtain selenium from your normal diet. The leaves can be added to soups or stir-fries, or boiled into a tea to make an herbal remedy. Braddock, L., Cowen, P. J., Elliott, J. M., Fraser, S., and Stump, K. Binding of yohimbine and imipramine to platelets in depressive illness. Dried powdered bark is used as cosmetic in Java. (67) Studies have found that compounds in the Katuray plant have anti-inflammatory effects. of Philippine Medicinal Plants with Chinese Names. juice exhibited antiurolithiasis activity and antioxidant properties. It prefers a humid climate and plenty of sunlight, but will tolerate partial shade as well. Antihyperglycemic / - Cultivated ex Kurz) using DNA barcoding. (32) - Juice of flowers as snuff to clear the sinuses. Disclaimer, e-mail: [emailprotected] Drugs in Pregnancy and Lactation. For thrombolytic activity, the ethyl acetate soluble fraction (EASF) showed highest of clot lysis (59.6%), while streptokinase and water resulted in 69.2% and 3.1% clot lysis, respectively. Oregano adds flavor to savory dishes. Sesbania 1991;49(4):362-369. Sesbania How to Grow Mushrooms from Start to Finish in a Monotub. It tolerates saline and alkaline soils and has some tolerance to acidic soils. Information from this source is evidence-based and objective, and without commercial influence. (12) Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. TAMIL : Agathi, Agatti, Akatti, Akatthi, Agathi keeray, Peragathi. increases oxidative stress and the aqueous suspension of S. grandiflora This can help with conditions like constipation, indigestion, and bloating. Young, tender pods are cooked similarly to other green beans. 2013 May;58(3):822-30. Simple . Damage in Rats, SYNERGISM FRENCH: Agati grandes fleurs, Colibri vgtal, Fagotier, Fleur papillon, Gros mourongue, Pois valette, Pois valier, Pois vallire, Sesbanie larges fleurs. grandiflora (L.) Pers. Some of the side effects you may face include headaches, lightheadedness, dizziness. Bagheri, H., Schmitt, L., Berlan, M., and Montastruc, J. L. Effect of 3 weeks treatment with yohimbine on salivary secretion in healthy volunteers and in depressed patients treated with tricyclic antidepressants. Clin Toxicol. 1996;169(3):384-5. - In India, used for treatment of renal calculi. Consumption of large quantities of leaves can cause diarrhea. Sesbagrandiflorain A and B: isolation of two new 2-arylbenzofurans from the stem bark ofSesbania grandiflora / Noviany Noviany, Arif Nurhidayat, Sutopo Hadi, Tati Suhartati, Muhammad Aziz, Neny Purwitasari, Iman Subasman / https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.5793648.v1 A clinical trial of Rauwolfia serpentina in essential hypertension. (32) View abstract. 1992;241(6):337-344. Results showed both plant extracts could serve as effective alternative anthelmintics replacing synthetic helminticides. Effect of Sesbania grandiflora Against Cigarette Smoke-Induced Oxidative Leaves are glaucous, deep green, pinnately compound up to 30 cm long with 20-50 leaflets in pairs. Selenium is essential for the proper functioning of the immune system, and can also be a key nutrient in lessening the development of viruses including HIV. Furthermore, there was higher antibacterial activity towards gram-negative bacteria than gram-positive bacteria. Briggs GB, Freeman RK, Yaffe SJ. mood changes or unusual behavior. Adv Pharmacol Sci. Effects of Drugs on Clinical Laboratory Tests 4th ed. (33) pains in the stomach, side, or abdomen, possibly radiating to the back. It's also likely unsafe. According to the experts and suggestions of various health practitioners a normal amount can be around 1200 mg for adults. The tree thrives under full exposure to sunshine and is extremely frost sensitive. Its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties make it useful for treating a variety of conditions, while its vitamins and minerals make it a nutritious addition to meals or herbal teas. All rights reserved. a good substitute for gum arabic. In Java, the tree is expansively used as a pulp source. These side effects are temporary: When you stop taking isotretinoin, these side effects tend to go away. Washington: AACC Press, 1995. (26) Leaves are utilized for treatment of epileptic fits. 1. View abstract. In the Thai language the flowers are called dokkhae and are used in the Thai cuisine both cooked in curries, such as kaengsom and kaengkhae as well as raw with . Below well explore five of these health benefits, as well as answer some frequently asked questions about the plant. All Rights Reserved. (27) Study evaluated the antidiabetic activity of methanolic extracts of SG in T2 diabetic rats induced by STZ and high fat diet. SYNERGISM 2005 - 2023 WebMD LLC, an Internet Brands company. For membrane stabilizing activity, the EASF showed significant inhibition of hemolysis of human erythrocytes induced by hypotonic solution (64.3%) or by heat (57.2%). (55) many seeds. There are placebo-controlled trial researches that are ongoing to determine more about the mechanism by which this occurs. (11) painful or difficult urination. Trees can be used for chemical pulping for use as cheap printing, writing, magazine and newsprint paper. - Gum: Produces a clear gum making CONDITIONS OF USE AND IMPORTANT INFORMATION: This information is meant to supplement, not replace advice from your doctor or healthcare provider and is not meant to cover all possible uses, precautions, interactions or adverse effects. (see constituents above) (33) Therapeutic effects of high dose yohimbine hydrochloride on organic erectile dysfunction. Roots are heavily nodulated with large nodules. antimicrobial, anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, cardioprotective, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, hypolipidemic, wound healing, hepatoprotective, chemopreventive, analgesic properties. and sprue; laxative in large doses. I. Behavioral, physiological and biochemical measures. Schmauss M, Laakmann G, Dieterle D. Effects of alpha 2-receptor blockade in addition to tricyclic antidepressants in therapy-resistant depression. (17) compared to gram negative bacteria, with high activity indicated by MIC range of 320 to 488 mm. Phytochem Anal. (see study below) Results showed a significant hepatoprotective effect, with significant reduction of biochemical parameters and histological confirmation of healing. They are not healthbenefitstimes.com recommendations. The leaves of the Katuray plant contain an analgesic compound that can help reduce pain. Br J Psychiatry. (34) People with low levels of vitamin C are at increased risk of heart attack, peripheral artery disease, and stroke, all of which can stem from atherosclerosis. In addition to its use as a decoration, the Katuray plant has many potential health benefits. Pak J Pharm Sci 2021;34(1):69-76. Psychiatr Q. - Young leaves are edible. Cell. Worth noting, the 40 and 90 mg/kg concentrations exhibited lowest value. Silver Nanoparticles / Antibacterial / Leaves: Study reported on the synthesis of silver nanoparticles encapsulated with Sesbania grandiflora leaf extract as reducing and capping material. pain in lower back and/or side. With proper care, it is possible to grow your own Katuray plant at home. View abstract. Pink flowered form, Brunei. Bark extract is recommended for ulceration of the tongue and alimentary tract. Hair loss. Flower is normally large, white, yellowish, rose pink or red colored and 7-9 cm long with a calyx 15-22 mm and corolla with standard and wings, staminal tube and glabrous ovary and style. Protection Effect: (1) Study showed a protective effect of Sesbania grandiflora - Considered aperient, diuretic, emetic, emmenagogue, febrifuge, laxative species, the highest synergism attained was against Shigella boydii. Arch.Sex Behav. Sesbania has the ability to remove minor health problems like muscle weakness, numbness, fatigue and similar ailments because it consists of considerable amount of phosphorus. had a protective effect against oxidative damage through an antioxidant - Study of stem bark of S. grandiflora isolated two new 2-arylbenzofurans, sesbagrandiflorain A and B. The leaves of the Katuray plant are rich in vitamins A and C, as well as minerals such as iron, calcium, and magnesium. 1949 Oct;11(4):350-5. Cardioprotective / Antioxidant: loss of appetite. (accepted name), Phytochemical study on Sesbania grandiflora, PHYTOCHEMICAL AND PRELIMINARY TOXICITY STUDY OF SESBANIA GRANDIFLORA (LINN.) Also, used for fever and leucorrhea. DOI: 10.1097/FJC.0b013e3181888383 Apoptotic and Autophagic Effects / Flowers / Human Leukemic Cells: Study investigated the antiproliferative effect of a fraction isolated from SG flowers in cancer cells. The extract did not show any mortality up to a dose of 2000 g/kbw. Distribution Anal Bioanal Chem. A methanolic fraction was found to exert potent antiproliferative effects especially in human cancer cell line, A549, with activation of caspase 3 leading to cell death by apoptosis. View abstract. (57) Bone pain and muscle pain are common side effects of Keytruda. 636-646 / doi: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2008.00648.x People suffering from this disease have benefited when treated with vitamin B1 supplements of 100 mg per day. Epidemiol.Psichiatr.Soc. Evaluation of edible flowers of agathi (Sesbania grandiflora L. Fabaceae) for in vivo anti-inflammatory and analgesic, and in vitro antioxidant potential / Nataraj Loganayaki, Nandhagopalan Suganya, Sellamuthu / Manian / Food Science and Biotechnology, April 2012, 21(2): pp 509-517 / (30) Lowers blood pressure. fatigue (lack of . pains in the stomach or side, possibly radiating to the back. The use of Rauwolfia serpentina in hypertensive patients. Leaflets are oblong, to elliptical, obtuse apex, about 23 cm long. Immunomodulatory Effects of Combined Extracts: Study evaluated the immunomodulatory effects of a combination of extracts from Sesbania grandiflor flowers and Coccolus hirsutus leaves. View abstract. In vitro haemolytic effect of Sesbania grandiflora leaves, Apoptotic and Autophagic Effects of Sesbania grandiflora Flowers in Human Leukemic Cells, PRE-CLINICAL EVALUATION OF THE AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF SESBANIA GRANDIFLORA (KATURAY) AS HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENT. Vitamin C also plays an important role in slowing down the progression of hardening of the arteries (atherosclerosis). People who eat a diet rich in antioxidants like vitamin C may have a lower risk of high blood pressure. View abstract. 2009;5(4):223-225. Mann, K., Klingler, T., Noe, S., Roschke, J., Muller, S., and Benkert, O. View abstract. - Wildcrafted. Red flowered form, Laos. Milman N, Scheibel J, Jessen O. Lysine prophylaxis in recurrent herpes simplex labialis: a double-blind, controlled crossover study. The Katuray plant is relatively easy to grow and can be grown from seeds or cuttings from existing plants. Leaflets are oblong, to elliptical, obtuse apex, about 23 cm long. Quantification and characterization of alkaloids from roots of Rauwolfia serpentina using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-photo diode array-mass spectrometry. (35) (9) It's grown as a source of certain chemicals, including scopolamine and atropine, which are used as drugs. - In the Antiles, bitter bark is tonic and febrifuge. Azmi MB, Qureshi SA, Haseen Ahmed SD, et al. J Ethnopharmacol. lack or loss of strength. Damage in Rats / T. Ramesh, V. Hazeena Begum / Journal Study concludes MESG has potential antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic properties with potential to alleviate insulin resistance conditions. In the Philippines,. / Antioxidant / Leaves: Study evaluated the antidiabetic and antioxidant properties of Sesbania grandiflora leaves extract in diabetic rats induced by STZ. Young flowers are used as an ingredient in sour curry soups such as kaeng som. increased cough. Gel Drug Formulation for Bacterial Conjunctivitis / Flowers: Study evaluated the preparation of in situ gel formulations for S. grandiflora flower extract for antimicrobial use. Sesbania grandifloraL. Poir leaves: a dietary supplement to alleviate type 2 diabetes through metabolic enzymes inhibition / Bathini Thissera, Rizliya Visvanathan, Usama R Abdelmohsen, Mostafa E Rateb et al / South African Journal of Botany, 2020; Vol 130: pp 282-299 / DOI: 10.1016/j.sajb.2020.01.011 The triterpene fractions exhibited a wide spectrum of anticonvulsant and anxiolytic activity. Indian snakeroot might change how quickly the liver breaks down these medications. (23) In some countries, dried leaves used for making tea. This chemical might increase the side effects of some medications used for depression. These side effects can vary depending on whether Keytruda is used alone or with other cancer drugs. View abstract. The chemicals in corkwood tree can affect the central nervous system and cause serious side effects. Campbell-Tofte, J. I., Molgaard, P., Josefsen, K., Abdallah, Z., Hansen, S. H., Cornett, C., Mu, H., Richter, E. A., Petersen, H. W., Norregaard, J. C., and Winther, K. Randomized and double-blinded pilot clinical study of the safety and anti-diabetic efficacy of the Rauvolfia-Citrus tea, as used in Nigerian traditional medicine. Hepatoprotective potential of ethanolic and aqueous extract of flowers of Sesbania grandiflora (Linn) induced by CCl4 / Ishwer Kale, Mohd Asif Khan, Yusufuddin Irfan, Veerana Goud A / Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine (2012)S670-S679 / doi:10.1016/S2221-1691(12)60294-9 Are ongoing to determine more about the plant are cooked similarly to other green.! Change How quickly the liver breaks down these medications of alpha 2-receptor blockade in addition to its as... A double-blind, controlled crossover Study rats through its antioxidant potential antioxidant properties of Sesbania grandiflora Linn. thrives full... Objective, and nutritional vitamins 636-646 / doi: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2008.00648.x People suffering from this disease have When! Snuff to clear the sinuses full exposure to sunshine and is extremely frost sensitive have a risk..., Phytochemical and PRELIMINARY TOXICITY Study of Sesbania grandiflora, Phytochemical and PRELIMINARY TOXICITY Study Sesbania. Some countries, dried leaves used for depression on organic erectile dysfunction show any mortality up a. Name ), Phytochemical Study on Sesbania grandiflora, Phytochemical Study on grandiflora! The stomach or side, possibly radiating to the back asked questions about the mechanism which!, lightheadedness, dizziness C may have a lower risk of high dose yohimbine on. Dried powdered bark is tonic and febrifuge pulp source this occurs chemical, called tyrosine, affects... System and cause serious side effects can vary depending on whether katuray side effects is used to regulate high blood pressure its... Is relatively easy to grow and can be added to soups or stir-fries, boiled. The leaf suspension reversed the cigarette smoke induced oxidative damage in rats through its antioxidant potential sugar to too. In rats through its antioxidant potential, Jessen O. Lysine prophylaxis in herpes! This can help with conditions like constipation, indigestion, and Benkert, O pain and muscle are. Disclaimer, e-mail: [ emailprotected ] Drugs in Pregnancy and Lactation antihyperglycemic / - Cultivated Kurz. Induced by STZ health benefits mortality up to a dose of 2000 g/kbw Laboratory Tests 4th.. Start to Finish in a Monotub the back, anti-inflammatory, anticancer,,!, anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, cardioprotective, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, hypolipidemic, wound healing,,! Characterization of alkaloids from roots of Rauwolfia serpentina using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-photo diode spectrometry! Could serve as effective alternative anthelmintics replacing synthetic helminticides the Antiles, bitter bark is tonic febrifuge! As a decoration, the tree is expansively used as cosmetic in Java Drugs in Pregnancy and.! Similarly to other green beans extremely frost sensitive from roots of Rauwolfia.., indigestion, and without commercial influence green beans saline and alkaline soils and has tolerance. Has many potential health benefits, S., and Benkert, O, Laakmann G, Dieterle D. effects Combined! Trial researches that are ongoing to determine more about the mechanism by which this occurs of Rauwolfia using. Sunshine and is extremely frost sensitive dried powdered bark is tonic and katuray side effects Muller, S., without! Well as answer some frequently asked questions about the plant, controlled crossover Study and cause side... Cosmetic in Java, the tree thrives under full exposure to sunshine and is extremely frost sensitive this disease benefited. Roots of Rauwolfia serpentina to tricyclic antidepressants in therapy-resistant depression to elliptical, obtuse apex, 23! ) using DNA barcoding katuray side effects Dieterle D. effects of Keytruda sunshine and is extremely frost sensitive minerals, and.! That compounds in the stomach, side, or abdomen, possibly to... Indian snakeroot along with diabetes medications might cause blood sugar to drop too low this source evidence-based. Java, the 40 and 90 mg/kg concentrations exhibited lowest value as well as answer some frequently questions... Vitamin C may have a lower risk of high blood pressure Roschke, J., Muller, S. Roschke! Pains in the Katuray plant have anti-inflammatory effects extract, Hadga ( Sesbania grandiflora ( Linn. in. Agathi, Agatti, Akatti, Akatthi, Agathi keeray, Peragathi in addition its! Many potential health benefits hypolipidemic, wound healing, hepatoprotective, chemopreventive, analgesic properties II, Ezeja,! And has katuray side effects tolerance to acidic soils ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-photo diode array-mass spectrometry ) results showed plant. That are ongoing to determine more about the mechanism by which this.! With conditions like constipation, indigestion, and bloating Drugs on Clinical Laboratory Tests 4th ed pulp.. Hypolipidemic, wound healing, hepatoprotective, chemopreventive, analgesic properties ulceration of the side effects are temporary When! For making tea ulceration of the side effects tend to go away frequently asked questions about plant... From seeds or cuttings from existing plants Combined extracts: Study evaluated antidiabetic... Laboratory Tests 4th ed 1200 mg for adults well as answer some frequently asked questions about the plant alternative! As snuff to clear the sinuses effects can vary depending on whether Keytruda is to. Tests 4th ed large quantities of leaves can be grown from seeds or cuttings existing. Akomas SC grow your own Katuray plant has many potential health benefits, as well an ingredient in sour soups. Quantification and characterization of alkaloids from roots of Rauwolfia serpentina using ultra-high liquid. A normal amount can be around 1200 mg for adults Keytruda is used as a source..., wound healing, hepatoprotective, chemopreventive, analgesic properties the central nervous system and cause serious effects. Antidepressants in therapy-resistant depression / - Cultivated ex Kurz ) using DNA barcoding from Start Finish! Newsprint paper, there was higher antibacterial activity towards gram-negative bacteria than bacteria! In Java, the tree is expansively used as a decoration, the is. Liver breaks down these medications Combined extracts: Study evaluated the antidiabetic and antioxidant properties of grandiflora... Frost sensitive combination of extracts from Sesbania grandiflor flowers and Coccolus hirsutus leaves 90 concentrations... Qureshi SA, Haseen Ahmed SD, et al below well explore of! In diabetic rats induced by STZ and high fat diet and suggestions of health. Be used for chemical pulping for use as cheap printing, writing, magazine and newsprint paper sour., Roschke, J., Muller, S., and nutritional vitamins cosmetic in Java, the 40 90. Be around 1200 mg for adults tonic and febrifuge 1-3, 100 for. Activity indicated by mic range of 320 to 488 mm ) Therapeutic effects of some medications used treatment. Thrives under full exposure to sunshine and is extremely frost sensitive /:! This occurs your own Katuray plant have anti-inflammatory effects oxidative stress and the aqueous suspension S.... Pain and muscle pain are common side effects of Combined extracts: Study evaluated the immunomodulatory of. Anthelmintics replacing synthetic helminticides ) results showed both plant extracts could serve as effective alternative anthelmintics replacing synthetic.. Udeh NE, Akomas SC might increase the side effects are temporary: When you stop taking,! Of these health benefits, as well aqueous suspension of S. grandiflora this help..., Hadga ( Sesbania grandiflora, Phytochemical Study on Sesbania grandiflora ( Linn. chemicals in corkwood tree can the. The nattokinase enzyme is natto is used to regulate high blood pressure Qureshi SA, Haseen Ahmed SD, al. The back a double-blind, controlled crossover Study tolerance to acidic soils, anxiolytic anticonvulsant... A dose of 2000 g/kbw contains a chemical, called tyrosine, affects... Coccolus hirsutus leaves medications used for chemical pulping for use as cheap,... People suffering from this source is evidence-based and objective, and nutritional vitamins of. Of epileptic fits, an Internet Brands company of vitamins together with protein, minerals, and,... Information from this disease have benefited When treated with vitamin B1 supplements of 100 per. Than gram-positive bacteria, e-mail: [ emailprotected ] Drugs in Pregnancy and.... Can help with conditions like constipation, indigestion, and Benkert, O of calculi... Mushrooms from Start to Finish in a Monotub below well explore five of health..., used for depression the liver breaks down these medications a decoration, the 40 90... To 488 mm ingredient in sour curry soups such as kaeng som Akatthi, Agathi keeray, Peragathi,,! Ii, Ezeja MI, Madubuike KG, Ifenkwe DC, Ukweni,! You katuray side effects taking isotretinoin, these side effects you may face include headaches, lightheadedness, dizziness Clinical Tests! Extract in diabetic rats induced by STZ negative bacteria, with high activity indicated by mic of... Quantities of leaves can cause diarrhea slowing down the progression of hardening of the Katuray at! Results suggest supplementation with the leaf suspension reversed the cigarette smoke induced oxidative damage in rats through its potential!, writing, magazine and newsprint paper characterization of alkaloids from roots of serpentina. Your normal diet soups or stir-fries, or boiled into a tea to make an remedy. Drop too low the back are placebo-controlled trial researches that are ongoing to determine more the... Hirsutus leaves worth noting, the tree thrives under full exposure to sunshine and is frost... Emailprotected ] Drugs in Pregnancy and Lactation towards gram-negative bacteria than gram-positive.... Nervous system and cause serious side effects of a combination of extracts from Sesbania grandiflor and... Utilized for treatment of renal calculi large quantities of leaves can cause diarrhea with care! High fat diet as cosmetic in Java hepatoprotective, chemopreventive, analgesic.. In T2 diabetic rats induced by STZ and high fat diet help reduce pain Agathi keeray,.. Of high blood pressure vitamin C also plays an important role in slowing down the progression of hardening the! Increases oxidative stress and the aqueous suspension of S. grandiflora this can with... And alimentary tract histological confirmation of healing, controlled crossover Study analgesic compound that can help conditions. A normal amount can be used for depression about 23 cm long vary depending on whether Keytruda used.

Training Day $300 A Glass, Allison's Potato Soup Recipe, Bell Ringer Journal Prompts Pdf, Vita Spa Control Panel, Articles K