% endstream Ancient African historian Professor Van Sertima has illustrated how Olmecs were the first Mesoamerican civilization to use a written language, sophisticated astronomy, arts and mathematics and they built the first cities in Mexico, all of which greatly influenced the Mayans and subsequent civilizations in the Americas. Scopri il pi grande eBookstore del mondo e inizia a leggere oggi stesso su Web, tablet, telefono o eReader. The king sent out 200 ships of men, and 200 ships of trade material, crops, animals, cloth and crucially African knowledge of astronomy, religion and the arts. The Hispanic/Latino presence took on a whole new dimension in the 1840s with the annexation of half of Mexicos territory to A collection of essays by African American public intellectuals which have appeared in The Atlantic Monthly over the years. Despite its great size, the workmanship is delicate and sure, its proportions perfect The features are bold and amazingly negroid in character.16, Another authority, Selden Rodman speaks of the colossal Negroid heads17 European journalist and Olmec specialist, Walter Hanf, describes carved colossal heads with Negroid features, deformed and close-shaven skulls, blunt noses, and protruding lips.18 Author and anthropologist Sharon McKern states that the colossal heads are inescapably Negroid.19. Why would native Americans venerate images so unmistakably African if they had never seen them before? JFIF ` ` C Atlantic Africa and the Spanish Caribbean, Dr. Scobie was a major authority on the African presence in early Western Europe. Despite its great size, the workmanship is delicate and sure, its proportions perfect The features are bold and, Another authority, Selden Rodman speaks of the colossal Negroid heads. She is also W.E.B. I reflected that there had undoubtedly been Blacks in this country and this had been in the first epoch of the world. In September 1513, Vasco Nunez de Balboa led his men down the slopes of Quarequa, which was near Darien, now called Panama, where they saw several Black men, who were captured by native Americans.3 Balboa asked the Indians whence they got them [the Black people], but they could not tell, nor did they know more than this, that men of this color were living nearby and they were constantly waging war with them. Further concrete evidence, noted by Dr. Imhotep and largely ignored by Euro-centric archaeologists, includes Egyptian artifacts found across North America from the Algonquin writings on the East Coast to the artifacts and Egyptian place names in the Grand Canyon.. To solve the most common PDF-display issues, follow the steps in Troubleshoot viewing PDF files on the web. Melgars mind, wrote art historian Alexander von Wuthenau, not yet tainted by certain currents of modern (and perhaps not so modern) anthropology, reacted quite normally to this newly found evidence of [the] black mans presence in ancient America. In 1311 AD, another major wave of African exploration to the New World was led by King Abubakari II, the ruler of the fourteenth century Mali Empire, which was larger than the Holy Roman Empire. There is now undisputed scientific proof that the first Americans were descended from Africans or Australian aborigines, according to evidence in a new BBC documentary. The unknown element is to the extent of population coverage, acculturation, architecture, and intercontinental travel. 1940 excavation of a thousand-year-old Olmec site near Veracruz. If you wish to use copyrighted material for purposes other than "fair use" you must request permission from the In truth, Africans began coming to the Americas thousands of years before Columbus; and the evidence of their presence, though systematically ignored by mainstream scholars, is overwhelming and undeniable. African Presence in Early America. In 1920, a renowned American historian and linguist, Leo Weiner of Harvard University, in his book, Africa and the discovery of America, explained how Columbus noted in his journal that Native Americans had confirmed that black skinned people had come from the south-east in boats, trading in gold-tipped spears., One of the first documented instances of Africans sailing and settling in the Americas were black Egyptians led by King Ramses III, during the 19th dynasty in 1292 BC. Seafaring allowed Europe to conquer the world. I reflected that there had undoubtedly been Blacks in this country and this had been in the first epoch of the world10 Since Melgars discovery sixteen other colossal stone heads have been found in many parts of Mexico, including ancient sacred sites such as La Venta and Tres Zapotes in southern Mexico. For example, there are hand-shaped incense spoons found in Olmec sites that are almost identical to their Eyptian counterparts and have similar names. They Came Before Columbus: The African Presence in Ancient America. ), Marco Merlini, Neo-Eneolithic Literacy in Southeastern Europe: an Inquiry into the Danube, Biblioteca Brukenthal XXXIII, Ministery of Culture of Romania and Brukenthal National Museum, Editura Altip, Alba Iulia, Ningishzidda and Ishkur - The Anunnaki connections between Mesopotamia, Egypt, and Mesoamerica, Analysis of Ivan Van Sertima's Afrocentric claims on Mesoamerica, An Unofficial History of Dravidian Writing, Olmec Origins: A Look Into Their Cosmopolitan Origins, 13 clyde winters An Unofficial History of Dravidian Writing HARAPPAN CIVILIZATION revised, Black Warrior Dynasty: Afrocentricity and the New World, They Were Not Here Before Columbus: Afrocentricity in the 1990's, Unboxing Atlantis A top-down review of what we know, and don't know, about the Atlantean through Megalithic Period continents and cities; 36,000 -2,000 YBP, An Indelible Imprint of Literacy: The Olmec and African Presence in Pre-Columbian America (2007), How Drawing Becomes Writing: Proto-Orthography in the Codex Borbonicus, Sex in the Cities of the Indus Valley Civilization, The dravidian and mayan relation ship a comparisonWho Brought The Mayans To Mexico? Pope Victor I (AD 189-199) popularized Latin as the common language of the church, thereby making Christianity more democratic and accessible to ordinary people. BLACK AFRICA AND AMERICA BEFORE COLUMBUS Van Sertima explores and gives all the evidence he can find about three contact periods. Sitchin contends that the mesoamerican civilization rose because of the settlement of some of the Anunnaki in Mexico and in Per, moving from Sumer with the aid of some humans recruited in Sumer and in Western Africa (and Egypt). African Presence in Early America (1987) is focused on contact between Africa and America towards the close of the Bronze Age (circa 948-680 B.C.) On the very ceremonial court and platform where four of the African-type heads were found in the holy capital of the Olmec world, La Venta. Early American Scans NetSuite villages, no pyramid appears until much later.. They dominated China about 2800 B.C. After all, history will tell you that seafaring is the quintessential European achievement, the single endeavor of which Europeans are awfully proud. His topic will be "The African Presence in Ancient America" at BCC's Davie campus at 11 a.m., and he will be the featured speaker at the "Africa and the Diaspora" program scheduled for 1 to 5 p.m . Atlantic Africa and the Spanish Caribbean 366A High Road. Are you ready to come out from where you hide? Armah . endobj 2 0 obj A bird with a human head also appears in a relief from Izapa, Mexico; Jairazbhoy also shows remarkable similarities between several gods in the Egyptian underworld and those of Olmec Mexico. In a very ancient epoch, wrote historian Riva Palacio, or before the existence of the Otomies [native Americans] or better yet invading them, the Black race occupied our territory This race brought its religious ideas and its own cult., Author C.C. The Secret Relationship Between Blacks & Jews: NOW AVAILABLE! He attended Princeton University and lectured at more than 100 colleges and universities. I have never claimed, writes Van Sertima, that Africans created or founded the Olmec civilizationThey left a significant influence upon itand that is more than can be said of any other Old World group visiting the native American or emigrating to the continent before Columbus.34, A study of the Olmec civilization reveals elements that are remarkably similar to the ritual traits and techniques in the Egypto-Nubian world of the same period. This phase of its history is called the Harappan, the name being derived from Harappa, one of the earliest known Indus Valley cities. Marquez, adds that [s]everal isolated but concordant facts permit the conjecture that before the formation and development of the three great ethnographic groupsa great part of Amcerica was occupied by [the] Negroid type., The oldest inhabitants of Mexico, according to some, were Negroes, and according to others, the Otomies. As Columbus Day (October 12) approaches and as we celebrate the 40th anniversary of the publication of They Came Before Columbus by the late Rutgers University professor, Ivan Van Sertima, we must reveal to the world the grandeur of Africa by highlighting the achievements of some of its great navigators and rulers. The Centre for Research on Globalization will not be responsible for any inaccurate or incorrect statement in this article. File, Mesoamerica was yet another world location for the emergence of an early civilization, but Mesoamerican societies were not necessarily connected to a single famous river (like the Nile) as the other early civilizations were, though there were plenty of rivers in the New World. Such compounds could only have been introduced to Ancient Egyptian culture through trade with Americans. What cultural impact did the outsiders have on American civilization?29 It would appear that the impact of the African explorers on the New World as a whole was widespread, profound and enduring. MAA MAAT CENTRE. In describing the Olmec head, Melgar wrote that what astonished me was the Ethiopic [Black African] type which it represents. WHEAT David. African Presence in Early America, Volume 8, Issue 2 Ivan Van Sertima Transaction Publishers, Jan 1, 1987 - America - 338 pages 3 Reviews Reviews aren't verified, but Google checks for and. As time allows us to drift further and further away from the European age of exploration and we move beyond an age of racial intellectual prejudice, historians are beginning to recognize that Africans were skilled navigators long before Europeans, contrary to popular belief. Capture a web page as it appears now for use as a trusted citation in the future. In light of the vast evidence available (far more, for example, than that of the Vikings) of an African presence in ancient America, why is this information virtually unknown to the general public? In recent times, it has been common to associate Latinos with the . How African was the early human dispersal out of Africa, Dr. Scobie was a major authority on the African presence in early Western Europe. At the age of 18, African-American Runoko Rashidi discovered the African within him and became an advocate of Pan-Afrikanism, travelling the world documenting the ancient African diaspora in a quest now known as 'The Global African Presence'. Jairazbhoy believes that the earliest settlers were ancient Egyptians led by King Ramesis III, during the nineteenth dynasty. This is no longer possible. Historian Nicholas Leon was of a similar opinion: The oldest inhabitants of Mexico, according to some, were Negroes, and according to others, the Otomies. Abstract The recent discovery of inscribed pottery in South India indicate that the history of writing among the Dravidian people did not begin with the introduction of Brahmi writing to South India. <> Van Sertima, Egypto-Nubian Presences in Ancient Mexico, p.70. Bronze head of an ancient king from Benin, West Africa, The tradition of fine sculpture in West Africa goes back long before 1000 B.C. 7-The Underrepresentation of African American Female Everybody has to become aware of this revision of history. The Olmec an African Presence in Early America The most striking similarities between the two cultures are seen in the magnificent stone structures that have been found on both sides of the Atlantic. Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. endobj African Origin of Civilization by Cheikh Anta Diop African Presence in Early America by Ivan Van Sertima African Presence In Early Asia by Runoko Rashidi and Ivan Van Sertima African Presence in Early Europe by Ivan Van Sertima African Woman the Original Guardian Angel by Ishakamusa Barashango As Columbus Day (October 12) approaches and as we celebrate the 40, Ever since Christopher Columbus first suggested that Black Africans preceded him to the New World, a number of scholars have investigated this contention. Van Sertima, Egypto-Nubian Presences in Ancient America, op. There is now undisputed scientific proof that the first Americans were descended from Africans or Australian aborigines, according to evidence in a new BBC documentary. ), Matthew M. Stirling, Discovering the New World: Oldest Dated Work of Man,, W. Hayes III, The African Presence in America Before Columbus,. DuBois Fellow at Harvard Uni- . Ancient Egypt progressed from the original stepped pyramid of Djosser, to the more sophisticated finished product at Giza. Divining America The Foreign Missionary Movement in 19th Revealing the African Presence in Renaissance Europe is the first exhibition to bring together a wide variety of works of art in diverse mediums that bear witness to the multiple aspects of the African presence in Europe in the Age of Exploration. But, in the words of Van Sertima, proof of contact is only half of the story. Ivan Van Sertima. South American cocaine from Erythroxylon coca and nicotine from Nicotiana tabacum. The original Olmecs were Native Americans who were very probably colonized and acculturated by Africans who settled their homeland. In The First Americans Were Africans, Dr. Imhotep also makes this same passionate and comprehensive case for a radical rewrite of orthodox history. or Were the ancient Turks, Akkads (Sumerians) and Dravidians (Tamils) the parents of Mexico and Meso-America, Magicians of the Gods by Graham Hancock (2015), Robbing Native American Cultures: Van Sertima's Afrocentricity and the Olmecs, ANCIENT INDIAN RELIGION CHAPTER 4 PART 4 ANCIENT INDIA APN, The Dragon and the Serpent: Quetzalcoatl, the Lng of China and the Serpent of Wisdom, Extended-Plasma-Electromagnetic Cosmology (EPEMC, Afrocentric World Black Greeks Ancient Libyco-Berber Writing More Information on the Afrocentric World, Olmec (Mande) Loan Words in the Mayan, Mixe-Zoque and Taino Languages. Re-Genesis Encyclopedia: Synthesis of the Spiritual Dark Motherline, Integral Research, Labyrinth Learning, and EcoThealogy. New York: Touchstone Books. 168. One of the worlds most renowned craniologists, Polish professor Andrzej Wiercinski, revealed to the 41st Congress of Americanists in Mexico in September 1974, that African skulls had been discovered at Olmec sites in Tlatilco, Cerro de las Mesas and Monte Alban. Runoko Rashidi is an anthropologist and historian with a major focus on what he calls the Global African Presence-that is, Africans outside of Africa before and after enslavement. Olmecs are perhaps best known for the carved colossal heads found in Central Mexico, that exhibit an unmistakably African Negroid appearance. Our focus here, however, is on the Negroid skulls and skeletons that have been discovered at ancient and medieval New World sites. It is grounded now upon an overwhelming and growing body of reliable witnesses. Ivan Van Sertima, They Came Before Columbus. Similarities across early American and African religions also indicate significant cross-cultural contact. The existence of Negroes and giants is commonly believed by nearly all the races of our soil Several archaeological objects found in various locations demonstrate their existence Memories of them in the most ancient traditions induce us to believe that the Negroes were the first inhabitants of Mexico13, Another authority, J.A. Africa and the Discovery of America - A 1920 Review from the Journal Of Negro History," Leo Weiner, p 164-168. . African Presence in Early America Ivan Van Sertima 4.60 58 ratings1 review This volume presents what is presently known about the links between Africa and America before the age of Columbus. In 1994 they published his address in Race, Discourse and the Origin of the Americas: A New World View of 1492. Ancient sea-going vessel used by the Egyptians and Nubians in ancient times. It is based on his July 2017 group tour to Mexico Dr. Runoko Rashidi, They Came Before Columbus: The African Presence in Ancient He furthermore cites a document of Francisco Nunez Vega (1691), who describes an ancient calendar found in Chiapas that mentions seven negritos representing the seven planets., In describing the Olmec head, Melgar wrote that what astonished me was the Ethiopic [Black African] type which it represents. His research also discussed the early African . German toxicologist, Svetla Balabanova, reported findings of cocaine and nicotine in ancient Egyptian mummies. Call Number: Africana Library DS28.A35 A37x 1995 Publication Date: 1995 African Presence in Early Europe by Ivan Van Sertima, ed. except a strong Negroid substratum connected with the Magicians [Olmecs].27 Finally, in February of 1975, a team from the Smithsonian Institute reported the discovery of two Negroid male skeletons in a grave in the U.S. Virgin Islands. 3 0 obj Joan, Eahr Amelia. Search the history of over 804 billion Runoko Rashidied, African Presence in Early Asia, US, Transaction Publishers, 1995. Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link. . Sertima, who published his book They Came before Columbus: The African Presence in Ancient America in I976.7. xMkA@tl.F3!iI!B>C[Ev 6_rs]]nu|da{](>Jp||Zp&~7w[8w @PK}#@,xG Numerous wall paintings in caves in Juxtlahuaca depict the famous ancient Egyptian opening of the mouth and cross libation rituals. A recurring theme in Afrocentrism is the claim that African Americans, Black West Africans in the Americas, and other groups (arbitrarily racialized by various groups to fit respective point of views) are the "real" Hebrews, Native Americans, Romans, etc. For example, there are hand-shaped incense spoons found in Olmec sites that are almost identical to their Eyptian counterparts and have similar names. There is not the slightest doubt that all later civilizations in [Mexico and Central America], rest ultimately on an Olmec base, once remarked Michael Coe, a leading historian on Mexico. Of course, some Western historians continue to refute this fact because, consciously or unconsciously, they are still hanging on to the 19th-century notion that seafaring was a European monopoly. 4 0 obj Academia.edu uses cookies to personalize content, tailor ads and improve the user experience. 5 Ancient Black Civilizations That Were Not in Africa Ivan Van Sertima, Egypto-Nubian Presences in Ancient America, in Ivan Van Sertimas (ed.). 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